This video discusses various methods and tools for preparing an espresso puck. The speaker, experienced in the professional coffee world, outlines several puck prep techniques, including manual distribution, wedge distributors, needle distributors, and vibration distributors. Key takeaways include the importance of even coffee distribution for optimal extraction, the role of tamping pressure, and different tools for achieving an even puck. The video also touches on factors like grind size, dose consistency, and the impact of puck screens, tampers, and various distribution tools. The speaker emphasizes that puck prep is a crucial step in the espresso-making process, influencing factors like extraction time and mouthfeel. He also briefly mentions the use of a VPN for improved online security and anonymity.